Foundation cracks are a common concern for homeowners and often raise questions about potential structural issues.
Many people notice cracks in their foundation but aren’t sure whether they indicate a serious problem.
Understanding the different types of foundation cracks and their implications is key to maintaining a safe and stable home.
At Loyalist Waterproofing, we help homeowners identify foundation cracks early to prevent larger, more costly problems down the line.
This guide explains the most common types of foundation cracks and what they mean for your home.
Why Foundation Cracks Happen
Foundation cracks can occur for several reasons, including:
Natural Settling of the Home
As homes age, the soil beneath them adjusts to the structure’s weight, causing natural settling.
Minor settling cracks are often not serious, but they should be monitored to ensure they don’t worsen.
Water Pressure and Poor Drainage
Water buildup around the foundation due to poor drainage creates hydrostatic pressure against foundation walls.
This pressure can force walls inward and lead to cracking.
Installing proper drainage systems and sump pumps helps relieve pressure and protect the foundation.
Soil Shifting or Erosion
Heavy rain, drought, and freeze-thaw cycles can cause soil to shift or erode.
This movement places stress on the foundation and leads to different crack patterns depending on the direction of movement.
Maintaining proper landscaping and drainage helps reduce these risks.
Temperature Changes
Seasonal temperature changes cause materials to expand and contract, gradually stressing the foundation and contributing to cracking.
Types of Foundation Cracks and What They Mean
Before taking action, it’s important to understand the type of crack and its severity.
Hairline Cracks
Hairline cracks are common in new homes and are usually surface-level.
While often minor, these cracks should be monitored because they can widen over time and allow moisture to enter.
Vertical Cracks
Vertical cracks are often caused by natural settling.
They are usually less serious and can often be sealed to prevent water intrusion, but they still require monitoring.
Diagonal Cracks
Diagonal cracks typically result from uneven settling or soil movement beneath the foundation.
Depending on their size and angle, they may require reinforcement and investigation of the underlying cause to prevent future damage.
Horizontal Cracks
Horizontal foundation cracks are the most serious.
They indicate significant pressure from water-saturated soil pushing against foundation walls and can compromise the structural integrity of the home.
If horizontal cracks are present, immediate professional repair is essential.
Stair-Step Cracks (Brick or Block Foundations)
Stair-step cracks follow the mortar joints in brick or block foundations.
They are a sign that the foundation has shifted or settled.
A professional assessment is needed to determine whether reinforcement or underpinning is required.
Why Early Professional Assessment Matters
Addressing foundation cracks early helps protect your home’s structural health and prevents costly repairs.
Preventing Escalation
Small cracks can expand due to settling, soil movement, and temperature changes.
Early intervention prevents minor issues from becoming major structural problems.
Moisture Intrusion
Foundation cracks allow water to enter your home, leading to mould, wood rot, and interior damage.
Waterproofing cracks prevents moisture intrusion and protects indoor air quality.
Structural Integrity
Ignoring cracks can compromise the safety and stability of your entire home.
A professional assessment ensures proper repairs and long-term protection.
How Loyalist Waterproofing Repairs Foundation Cracks
Loyalist Waterproofing provides expert foundation repair solutions tailored to your home.
We assess the damage and develop a customized repair plan based on the crack type and severity.
Most repairs involve excavation to the footing, filling cracks from top to bottom, applying sealants, installing air-gap membranes for drainage, and properly backfilling with clean materials.
All work is backed by a Lifetime Transferable Warranty for complete peace of mind.
Call Loyalist Waterproofing to Address Foundation Cracks Today
Early action can save money and prevent serious foundation issues.
Don’t wait for small cracks to become major problems.
Contact Loyalist Waterproofing today for a professional foundation inspection and expert repair recommendations.